Application of neurosurgery operating microscopes
Neurosurgists represent surgical brains representing the surgical brain, depends on the surgical brains, and are based on excellent anatomical parts of the brain structure, which perform a wide range of high-precision surgical procedures.

Microscopy of neurosurgery may include:

Cerebral -repetitive aneurysm
This is the rest of the tumor
Treatment with arterial defects (AVM)
detour
Epilepsy
Spine surgery

Microscope works neurosurgery
Neurologists work in deep and narrow holes and manage and seek entertainment structures that have liver function due to delicate tissue. Ensuring sufficient light and depth of field, as well as a sufficiently large and unobstructed field of view, is one of the main challenges when using microscopes in neurosurgery.

The simultaneous and clear visualization of blood flow in neurovascular procedures, as well as the differentiation of different tissue types in tumor resection surgery, is one of the main tasks of modern neurosurgery. Finally, poor ergonomics leading to musculoskeletal pain and reduced productivity remain major problems affecting the quality of life and career of a neurosurgeon.

A magnified view of vascular neurosurgery
 This advanced feature provides a single magnified view of brain anatomy with natural color and real-time vascular flow, eliminating obstructions and eliminating the need to switch between natural microscopy images and flat black and white NIR images.

Gain confidence by seeing the natural color of tissue, experience in-depth perception, and make accurate treatment decisions during vascular neurosurgery with improved blood flow views in real-time. Expand your understanding with the neurosurgery microscope
 

Optimal preservation of healthy brain tissue remains one of the major challenges during delicate and complex neurosurgical procedures. Image-guided surgery (IGS) and robotic guidance are playing an increasingly important role in neurosurgery, as they facilitate intraoperative surgical decision-making and help surgeons achieve optimal patient outcomes.

 Specifications:

Significance: Surgical microscopes provide adjustable magnification, bright illumination, and clear visualization of the surgical field and are increasingly used in operating rooms. State-of-the-art surgical microscopes are integrated with various imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescence imaging, and augmented reality (AR) for image-guided surgery. 

Purpose: This comprehensive review is based on the literature of over 500 articles covering the technological development and application of surgical microscopes over the last century. The purpose of this review is to (i) provide a comprehensive technical overview of surgical microscopes, (ii) provide important references for microscope selection and system development, and (iii) provide an overview of various medical applications.

 Approach: Over 500 references were collected and evaluated. This study presents the major steps in the evolution of surgical microscopy. An in-depth technical overview of optical systems, mechanical systems, lighting, visualization, and integration with advanced imaging technologies is provided. Various medical applications of the surgical microscope are discussed in neurosurgery and spine surgery, ophthalmic surgery, otolaryngology (ENT) surgery, root canal therapy, and plastic and reconstructive surgery. 

Results: Surgical microscopy has advanced significantly in terms of high-performance optics, bright and shadow-free illumination, reliable and flexible mechanical design, and comprehensive visualization. New imaging technologies such as hyperspectral imaging, OCT, fluorescence imaging, optoacoustic microscopy, and laser spot contrast imaging are integrated with surgical microscopes. Advanced visualization and AR are being added to surgical microscopes as new capabilities that will transform clinical practice in the operating room.

Conclusion: The combination of new imaging technologies and surgical microscopes enables surgeons to perform complex procedures and improve surgical outcomes. Improved visualization and improved ergonomics have made surgical microscopes a powerful tool in neurosurgery, spine, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, and plastic and reconstructive surgery.