What is a Cannula?

A cannula is a tube inserted into the body to withdraw or deliver body fluids and collect a sample. In other words, the cannula surrounds the surface of the needle, extending the effective length of the needle and making it easier to handle. Also called an intravenous cannula or IV cannula, they come in a variety of sizes and features.

IV cannulas allow for a variety of therapeutic and prophylactic treatment options. When a cannula is inserted into a vein, it can be used by healthcare professionals to directly administer drugs, fluids, or blood. The cannula eliminates the need to use and insert a new needle for each session or delivery. There are three main types of IV cannula: peripheral IV cannula, central IV cannula, and central IV cannula. The midline venous cannula is used for long-term care, followed by the midline cannula used in less invasive scenarios. All these intravenous cannulas have a specific purpose and are used for individual treatment. Let's take a closer look at each of the three types of IV cannulas.

Peripheral IV cannula: The most commonly used IV cannula, the peripheral IV cannula, is commonly used in emergency and surgical patients or people undergoing radiographic imaging. Each of these IV lines is used for up to 4 days and no later. It is attached to an IV catheter and then taped to the skin or a non-allergenic substitute. 

Centerline IV cannula: This type of IV cannula is used for long-term care patients who need to receive medications or fluids for weeks or months. They help in the rapid delivery of drugs for a faster effect. It is also a good choice for transporting large amounts of blood or other body fluids around the patient's body. This IV cannula is inserted into the jugular vein, subclavian vein, or femoral vein.

 Medium Catheter: Excellent choice for patients longer than 5 days and less than 1 month. They are considered a minimally invasive method and are often used to take blood samples or deliver their contents. An IV tube is inserted into a large vein in the patient's upper arm.

Also, read about Robots used in Healthcare.

IV cannulas of various sizes are color-coded to identify the size and intended use. IV cannula sizes are typically 14 to 24 gauge. The size is determined by the patient's condition, the purpose of the infusion cannula, and the urgency of the fluid administration. It is important to know the different types of cannulas and their uses to effectively and accurately treat patients. It can be used only after a thorough examination and the approval of your doctor.